This dataset is the hydrological and meteorological observation data of glacier No.1 at the source of Urumqi River from 1982 to 2000, which can be used to extract the meteorological information of the glacier and study the material balance of the glacier. The routine hydrological and meteorological observations of the Tianshan Glacier Observation Experimental Station are carried out at the No. 1 glacier hydrological point, the empty ice bucket hydrological point, the general control hydrological point and the basic camp at the back of the gorge in the source area of the Wulumuqi River.The No. 1 glacier hydrological point is situated on the river channel 300 m away from the end of the No. 1 glacier, implementing the monitoring of the snow and ice runoff of the No. 1 glacier, with the cross-section elevation of 3,695 m, and a watershed area of 3.34 sq. kilometers, of which 1.65 sq. kilometers is the glacier area. 1.65 square kilometers. It is a concrete rectangular section (height 1.0 m, width 1.6 m), and the meteorological field is located on the left bank of the section. Air ice bucket hydrological point is located in Urumqi River source area on the left side, the bucket mouth towards the south, for high mountain snow, years of permafrost meltwater runoff observation, cross-section elevation of 3805 m, watershed area of 1.68 square kilometers, for the concrete rectangular cross-section (height of 1.0 m, width of 1.0 m), the meteorological field is located in the right bank of the cross-section.
Tianshan one glacier is a double branch ice bucket valley glacier, 2.2 kilometers long, the average width of 500 meters, an area of 1.828 square kilometers, the maximum thickness of 140 meters, the highest point of 4476 meters above sea level, the average annual rate of movement of about 5 meters, the end of the tongue of the ice at an altitude of 3734 meters, the average snow line height of 4055 meters, toward the northeast, the mainstream was “S “ type.
In the Urumqi river source area of the big west ditch and LuoBuDao ditch confluence, there is a total control hydrological point, control and monitoring of the Urumqi river source area of precipitation and 7 glaciers and glaciers around the alpine snow, permafrost, the total meltwater runoff the control of the end of the surface elevation of 3408 m, the watershed area of 28.9 square kilometers of which the glacier area of 5.6 square kilometers. For the concrete section, with a working bridge, meteorological field is located in the section of the left bank moraine mound. Three hydrological section are equipped with self-calculating water level meter, flow measurement is mainly used by the flow meter method, the instantaneous flow by the water level - flow relationship between the line obtained. Meteorological observation items are mainly air temperature, precipitation, humidity, evaporation, ground temperature, sunshine and so on. The meteorological observation site of Houxia basic camp is located in the valley of Urumqi River, at an altitude of 2130 m, and it carries out observation of routine meteorological elements. All observation data are organized according to specifications.
Raw data, good data quality.
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CSTR:11738.11.ncdc.Tianshan.2020.86